CROSS DISCIPLINARY
cross-dis·ci·pli·nar·y
[kraws-dis-uh-pluh-ner-ee,kros-]
adjective
Interdisciplinary refers to new knowledge extensions that exist between or beyond existing academic disciplines or professions. The new knowledge may be claimed by members of none, one, both, or an emerging new academic discipline or profession.
involving two or more academic disciplines; interdisciplinary:cross-disciplinary studies in Biblical archaeology. [1]
INTER DISCIPLINARY
in·ter·dis·ci·pli·nar·y
[in-ter-dis-uh-pluh-ner-ee]
adjective
1.
combining or involving two or more academic disciplines orfields of study: The economics and history departments are offering an interdisciplinary seminar on Asia.
2.
combining or involving two or more professions, technologies,departments, or the like, as in business or industry [1]
An interdisciplinary community or project is made up of people from multiple disciplines and professions who are engaged in creating and applying new knowledge as they work together as equal stakeholders in addressing a common challenge. [4]
TRANS-DISCIPLINARY
adjective
pertaining to or involving more than onediscipline; interdisciplinary [1]
Transdisciplinary refers to knowledge that exists in every individual, thus eliminating the need for discipline boundaries.
A transdisciplinary community or project is made up of transdisciplinary professionals, which is an ideal that can only be approached and not actually achieved in practice. To exist in today's society, a transdisciplinary professional would possess certification or degrees in all disciplines as well as experience in all professions. In essence, a truly transdisciplinary person contains all the distributed knowledge of the people in the community or project as their individual common knowledge. Furthermore, they exist within a community of people that share that knowledge. A transdisciplinary community is one in which common knowledge of individuals and the distributed knowledge of the collective are identical.[3]
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Qualitative research seeks out the ‘why’, not the ‘how’ of its topic through the analysis of unstructured information – things like interview transcripts, open ended survey responses, emails, notes, feedback forms, photos and videos. It doesn’t just rely on statistics or numbers, which are the domain of quantitative researchers.
Qualitative research is used to gain insight into people's attitudes, behaviours, value systems, concerns, motivations, aspirations, culture or lifestyles. It’s used to inform business decisions, policy formation, communication and research. Focus groups, in-depth interviews, content analysis, ethnography, evaluation and semiotics are among the many formal approaches that are used, but qualitative research also involves the analysis of any unstructured material, including customer feedback forms, reports or media clips. [2]
ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
Anthropologists, ethnographers, and other social scientists may engage in something called ethnography. Ethnography, simply stated, is the study of people in their own environment through the use of methods such as participant observation and face-to-face interviewing. As anthropologist H. Sidky suggests, ethnography documents cultural similarities and differences through empirical fieldwork and can help with scientific generalizations about human behavior and the operation of social and cultural systems (2004:9). Because anthropology as a discipline is holistic (meaning it looks at the past, present and future of a community across time and space), ethnography as a first hand, detailed account of a given community or society attempts to get a comprehensive understanding of the circumstances of the people being studied. Ethnographers, then, look at and record a people’s way of life as seen by both the people and the anthropologist; they take an emic (folk or inside) andetic (analytic or outside) approach to describing communities and cultures.
Ethnography is the branch of anthropology that involves trying to understand how people live their lives. Unlike traditional market researchers, who ask specific, highly practical questions, anthropological researchers visit consumers in their homes or offices to observe and listen in a nondirected way. Our goal is to see people’s behavior on their terms, not ours. [5]
Reference :Ethnography is the branch of anthropology that involves trying to understand how people live their lives. Unlike traditional market researchers, who ask specific, highly practical questions, anthropological researchers visit consumers in their homes or offices to observe and listen in a nondirected way. Our goal is to see people’s behavior on their terms, not ours. [5]
references retrieved on 17th October 2011
[5] http://hbr.org/2009/03/ethnographic-research-a-key-to-strategy/ar/1
references retrieved on 20th October 2011
[5] http://hbr.org/2009/03/ethnographic-research-a-key-to-strategy/ar/1
references retrieved on 20th October 2011
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